Interpretation of Statutes -Test 2

Formal legal document which creates or confirms a right or record a fact is a—

Which among the following is the cardinal rule of construction of statutes—

Rule of Reasonable Construction is based on the maxim

Rule of Beneficial construction is also known as—

Pick the odd one out of the following aids to interpretation

Which rule of construction is applicable where there is a real and not merely apparent conflict between the
provisions of an Act, and one of them has not been made subject to the other—

An internal aid that may be added to include something within the section or to exclude something from it, is—

An aid that expresses the scope, object and purpose of the Act—

Which among the following is the cardinal rule of construction of statutes

An internal aid that may be added to include something within the section or to exclude something from it, is—

_____________ is also known as Heydon’s Rule and Mischief Rule.

Whether a provision is mandatory or directory __________

Statement (1): A substantial compliance of a mandatory provision is sufficient unless it results in loss
or prejudice to the other party.
Statement (2): Non-observance of a mandatory provision does not invalidate the act done; whatever
consequences may occur.

Speech of mover of bill at the time of introduction of the bill, the history of the external circumstances
which led to the enactment of the statue, amendments considered during the progress of the bill,
statement of objects and reasons, report of a committee which examined the bill are the examples of
___________.

____________ is an external aid in interpretation of Statues

Statement (1): The illustrations cannot curtail the scope of a section.
Statement (2): The illustrations can expand the scope of a sections.
Statement (3): if there is a conflict between the section and an illustration, the section will prevail

_____________ is an internal aid in interpretation of statutes

____________ expresses the scope and object of the act more comprehensively than the _________

As per ___________, if two or more words which are capable of analogous (similar or parallel) meaning are
grouped together they should be understood in cognate sense, i.e. they take their colour from each other and
are given a similar or related meaning.

If it is impossible to harmonise the two conflicting provisions, the provision enacted ____________ in point
of time shall prevail.

A statute should be first read as a whole. Then, it must be read section by section, clause by clause and word by
word. It would enable the discovery of the true meaning of each section, clause and word and how these
sections, clauses and words fit into the scheme of the Act. No part of Statue can be constructed in isolation.
This methodology is adopted in ___________.

The rule of Ejusdem Generis is applied to construe __________

The term __________ means ‘of the same class or species’, i.e. ‘of the same kind’.

If the _________ used in a statute make it clear that a ________ sense is intended, the rule of Ejusdem
Generis shall not apply

If two provisions are joined by the conjunction ‘and’, requirements of both the provisions should be satisfied. If
two provisions are separated by the word ‘or’, satisfying the requirements of any of the two provisions would
be sufficient. However, at times, these words may be read as vice-versa to give effect to the intention of the
legislature. This is as per _________.

Generally, full effect must be given to every word contained in a Statute. However, words in a statue may be
eliminated in no sensible meaning can be drawn. This is as per _____________

_________ is not a secondary rule of interpretation

The meaning of a word is derived from its associate words, i.e. the meaning of a word is to be judged by the
company it keeps. This is as per __________

Where the words are clear, the language is plain, and only 1 meaning can be derived, it would mean that the
language used speaks the mind of the parliament and there is no need to look somewhere else to discover the
true intention and meaning of the words used. The interpretation in such case shall be ________

___________ is the process of ascertaining the true meaning of the words used in a statute