Class 11 biology chapter 1 ncert solutions deals with living world. Find exercises and solutions for class 11 biology chapter of living world. class 11 biology chapter 1 ncert solutions are important for NEET Exam and CBSE exam preparation.
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Exercises In Class 11 Biology Chapter 1
NCERT Solutions to exercises In Class 11 Biology Chapter 1. Total 11 exercises and Solutions are covered in Class 11 Biology Chapter 1.
1.WHY ARE LIVING ORGANISMS CLASSIFIED ?.
Living organisms are classified into different types because there are several types of organisms based on different characteristics where it is difficult for us to study each organisms based on separate , so organisms are shorted into different kingdoms based on there similarities for easy understanding .
2.WHY ARE THE CLASSIFICATIONS SYSTEMS CHANGEING EVERY NOW AND THEN ?
evoluation is the major factor responsible for the change in classification systems since evolution still continues ,so many different species of plants and animals are added in the already existed biodiversity.
3.WHAT DIFFERENT CRITERIA WOULD YOU CHOOSE TO CLASSIFY PEOPLE THAT YOU MEET OFTEN ?
The various criteria that may be choose into classify people whome we meet often include gender, behavior , geographical location , morphology, family members , relatives , friends etc.
4.WHAT DO WE LEARN FROM IDENTIFICATION OF INDIVIDUALS AND POPULATIONS ?
Through the identification of individuals and populations; we can learn about the native place, mother tongue, costumes, food habit, religion, caste, etc.
5.WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC NAME OF THE MANGO ?
mangifera indica
6.DIFFIN A TAXON .GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF TAXA AT DIFFERENT HIERARCHICAL LEVELS ?
A piratical level of hierarchy and the classification of living beans is call taxon. For example ,the basic level of classification is species, followed by genus , family , order , class , phylum or division , in ascending order.
7.CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE CORRECT SEQUENCE OF TAXANOMICAL CATEGORIES ?
(a).species -> order -> phylum -> kingdom
(b).genus -> species-> order -> kingdom
(c).species -> genus -> order -> kingdom
The first & third are the correct sequence of the taxonomic
Species -> order -> phylum -> kingdom
Species -> genus -> order -> phylum
Species that will make the genus that will form a family.
Than moving on the further we will get an order.
At last, we will obtain phylum that can easily get us to the kingdom.
8.TRY TO COLLECT ALL THE CURRENTLY ACCEPTED MEANING FOR THE WORD “SPECIES ” . DISCUSS WITHE YOU ARE TEACHER THE MEANING OF SPECIES INCASE OF HIGHER PLANTS & ANIMAL’S IN HAND AND BACTERIA ON THE OTHER HAND ?
A group of individual organisms like fundamental similarities Is called species. It can be distinguished from other closely related species on the bases of distant morphology differences. In case of higher plants and animals , one genus may have one are more than one species , example, Panthera, Leo , (lion) and Panthera Tigris(tiger). In this example, Panthers genus , which includes leo (lion) and tigris (tiger) as species.incase of bacteria, different categories are present on the bases of shape. These are spherical, coccus, rod shape, comma and spiral shaped. Thus , meaning of species in cases of higher organisms and bacteria .
9.DEFINE AND UNDERSTAND THE FOLLING TURMS:
(I) phylum (ii) class (iii) family (iv) order (v) genus
(I) PHYLUM : Phylum is second highest unit of classification after Kingdom. It includes one or more related classes of animals. In plants, instead of phylum, the term ‘division’ is used. Class is a taxonomic group consisting of one or more related orders.
(ii) CLASS : The class is a taxonomic group consisting of one or more related orders. For example, the class, Mammalia, includes many orders like Primata (Man), Carnivora (tiger) etc.
(iii) Family : Family is a taxonomic group containing one or more related genera, eg., Family hominidae contains apes, monkeys and man. In plants, families are categorized on the basis of vegetative and reproductive features.
(iv) Order : Order is a taxonomic group containing one or more families. For example, the order, carnivora, includes many families.
(v) Genus : Genus is a taxonomic group including closely related species. For example, the genus, Solanum, includes many species such as nigrum, melongena, tuberosum, etc.
10.HOW IS A KEY HELPFUL IN THE IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF AN ORGANISM ?
Key is a taxonomical aid that helps in identification of plant and animal species. These keys are based on similarities and dissimilarities in characters, generally in a pair called couplet.
Each statement in a taxonomic key is referred to as a lead. For categorizing each taxonomic rank, such as family, genus, species, etc., different keys are used. It is also useful in identification of unknown organisms.
Keys are of two types – indented and bracketed keys. Indented key provides a sequence of choices between two or more statements while in bracketed key, a pair of contrasting characters is used.
(i) Indented key to identify different species of Rhododendron.
1. Leaves evergreen
2. leaves densely hairy below, orange or white hair; flower
appears to have separate petals Rhododendron groenlandicum
3. Hair absent on leaves, flower has five petals fused in a shallow
tube Rhododendron maximus
4. Leaves deciduous
5. pink flowers with two free petals and three fused petals Rhododendron canadense
6. white to pink flowers with all petals fused together
(ii) Bracketed key to identify different species of Rhododendron.
1. Leaves evergreen – 2
2. Leaves deciduous – 3
3. Leaves densely hairy below, orange or white hair; flower
appears to have separate petals Rhododendron groenlandicum
4. Hair absent on leaves, flower has five petals fused in shallow
tube Rhododendron maximus
5. Pink flowers with two free petals and three fused petals Rhododendron canadense
6. White to pink flowers with all petals fused together
11. ILLUSTRATE THAT TAXONOMICAL HIERARCHY WITH SUITABLY EXAMPLE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS ?
The arrangement of various taxa in a hierarchical order is called taxonomic hierarchy.
In this hierarchy, species is present at the lowest level whereas kingdom is present at the highest level.
Classification of a plant :
As an example, let us classify Solanum
melongena, (Brinjal).
Kingdom – Plantae
Division – Angiospermae
Class – Dicotyledonae
Order – Solanales
Family – Solanaceae
Genus – Solanum
Species – melongena
Classification of an animal :
As an example, let us classify (man.)
Kingdom – Animalia
Phylum – Chordata
Class – Mammalia
Order – Primate
Family – Hominidae
Genus – Homo
Species – Sapiens
